Sunday, January 25, 2015

What is Standard English?

Source: Blogger
http://funnysmsweb.blogspot.com
Date accessed: 1/25/15

Throughout the first chapter of Grammar Alive! we learned a lot about how grammar is often forgotten and untaught, it's easily spoken but not easily written, and that even in the work-world it is forgotten. There is a certain tension between the “standard english” grammar and the home language that isn't easily bridged, especially because it's not easy to teach the difference between the two in a classroom setting. Grammar is situation and there are tons of different varieties and dialects; there is no right or wrong English [two closely connected sentences joined by a semi-colon]. This was hard for me to grasp at first, until I realized that maybe my thoughts coming into this topic were different than others. In my home, we speak sort of a German-English language that calls for certain grammar differences than “standard English” or “standard German.” We often times leave out “nonsense” words such as “is” or “the” and just stick to the needed-to-make-sense-words that are crucial to the meaning of the sentence [forming original compound words with the use of hyphens]. If we can't think of a word in English, the German word replaces it fine, but isn't necessarily grammatically correct in either standard language. But aside from the mixed-language my family speaks at home, I was taught that this is not how we speak outside the house. It was very clear to me-as taught by my parents- that it was inappropriate to use anything other than this “standard English” we spoke and wrote in school [use of the parenthetical dash to emphasize an important point].

The topic of at-home language and the idea of code-switching was brought up in chapter 2 of Grammar Alive! We learned about African American grammar and how that language uses possession in a different way than standard English does. It's important to note the difference between these situational grammar languages and to notice that neither is the correct way, they're just different. My understanding of teaching and learning grammar has always been a by-the-book type of system; when I think back to learning grammar, I remember a lot of worksheets, sentence practices, and editing of other student's sentences [two closely connected sentences joined by a semi-colon]. After reading for this class, it has come to my attention that I have been coming about grammar in all the wrong ways...Grammar isn't right or wrong, it's situational [use of ellipses to create a pause or hesitation to emphasize a point]. The reading by Christensen really related to the idea of situational grammar. She didn't want to be seen as lesser, so she used different words in place of words that she couldn't pronounce correctly. She code-switched in order to not show she had a different at-home grammar language. The teacher in Christensen's story was using a one-size fits all lesson by requesting that each child says the same word correctly. What she failed to recognize was the different languages each student brings to the classroom. In this case, Christensen couldn't speak the word and was made fun of because the children in the class expected standard English.

I incorporated the semi-colon pattern in my post because it is one I struggle with mostly. I wrote my post, in fact, and had to go back and try to squeeze one in because semi-colons just don't come naturally to me. I think the sentence I put it in for the use of the semi-colon (my understanding of teaching grammar has always been a by-the-book type of system; when I think back to learning grammar, I remember a lot of worksheets, sentence practices, and editing of other student's sentences) works better without the semi-colon, but still works just as well with it. I'd like to get more familiar with where they are needed and where they aren't. I used the parenthetical dash for my first time in this blog post. I'm still not savvy with them, but I tried in the sentence: “It was very clear to me-as taught by my parents- that it was inappropriate to use anything other than this “standard English” we spoke and wrote in school.”

Sunday, January 18, 2015

Experimenting: Grammar and Punctuation

Grammar and punctuation are hard concepts to learn and teach. Maybe the use of techniques aren't terribly hard themselves, but explaining exactly how to use them and when to use them is another story. My main goal for this semester is to master the use of punctuation and be able to explain each comma, semi-colon, colon, etc., to my future students with ease.

The DASH
A common misconception is that the dash and hyphen are the same thing. While the dash and hyphen definitely do not serve the same purpose, they do have one thing in common: they cause confusion.

Example: "And yet, when the car was finally delivered—nearly three months after it was ordered—she decided she no longer wanted it, leaving the dealer with an oddly equipped car that would be difficult to sell.

This “em dash” is used in place of the comma. The sentence could also read: “And yet, when the car was finally delivered, nearly three months after it was ordered, she decided she no longer wanted it, leaving the dealer with an oddly equipped car that would be difficult to sell.” Em dashes can be used in place of parenthesis and colons as well. The em dash can also be used in place of letters in a word. An example of this is: “Mr. J-- testified that the defendant yelled at the woman.”

COMMAS
Commas are probably one of the most used punctuation, but maybe also the most misunderstood. Commas are so common and useful that sometimes they are overused. Do we need, a comma, in every situation? It's important to understand when commas are needed and when they're just unnecessary.

Source: Spiro
http://www.spiro.ir/photo/
Date accessed: 1/18/15


SENTENCE STRUCTURE
How boring is it to read a paragraph with all the same sentence structure? How hard is it to stay engaged when there is no variety? How can one change their sentence patterns to keep readers interested? Exactly; sentence structure is an important skill to master in order to produce effective writing.

Example: “Men and women, young and old, looked forward to the New Yam Festival because it began the season of plenty-the new year. On the last night before the festival, yams of the old year were all disposed of by those who still had them. The new year must begin with tasty, fresh yams and not the shriveled and fibrous crop of the previous year. All cooking pots, calabashes and wooden bowls were throughly washed, especially wooden mortar in which yam was pounded.” - Things Fall Apart (p.36).

This excerpt from “Things Fall Apart” is effectively written because the sentences all vary in length, structure, and word strength. If the author, Chinua Achebe, would have had a list as every sentence, or no versatility/punctuation at all, the paragraph wouldn't have been as great.

Favorite sentence structures
Semi-colon use- the use of semi-colons can be exceptionally beautiful; they add a touch of skill that not everyone can master, including me.

Ellipsis- not every punctuation can take the place of an ellipsis. They add a drawn out explanation, almost like a surprise that you can't really get from a comma, dash, or even exclamation point.
Source: Grammarly
http://grammarlyblog.tumblr.com
Date accessed: 1/18/15